Controlling critical technology in an age of geoeconomics: actors, tools, and scenarios

The world is witnessing an escalating great power rivalry surrounding critical technologies – such as quantum computing, semiconductors, and artificial intelligence. This report analyses how critical technology is protected in the Transatlantic region and assesses the resulting effects. The focus is placed on the US and the EU, examining three key geoeconomic instruments: export controls, investment screening, and domestic subsidies, all aimed at securing their critical technological base.